Did St. Peter view his authority as equal to other Church leaders?
Full Question
How can you say Peter had authority over other
church leaders when he referred to himself as only their "fellow
elder"(1 Pt 5:1). This proves Peter did not see himself as having any
"primacy" in the Church. He was just a presbyter.
Answer
No,
it doesn't. To assert that Peter had no primacy is to ignore the clear
passages to the contrary, such as Matthew 16:18-19, Luke 22:33, John
21:15-17, and Galatians 1:18. The answer to your question is found
within the very context you cite. Peter says, "Clothe yourselves in
humility in your dealings with one another, for God opposes the proud
but bestows favor on the humble. So humble yourselves under the mighty
hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time" (1 Pt 5:5).
By humbly calling himself a "fellow elder" Peter was
not implying he was merely equal in authority to the presbyters of the
Church; rather, he was practicing something he enjoined on others. This
self-effacement is the virtue of humility which Jesus calls all
Christians to cultivate: "Whoever wishes to be great among you shall be
your servant, whoever wishes to be first among you shall be your slave"
(Mt 20:26-27).
Peter elsewhere reminds his readers that he is an
"apostle of Jesus Christ" and as such had authority to preach and teach
in the name of the Lord (cf. Lk 10:16). The very facts that Peter sent
his epistles to instruct and guide the Church, and that the Church
revered them as inspired, inerrant Scripture is sufficient testimony
that Peter possessed an authority above that of a presbyter.
This sort of humility in dealing with the Church is
evident throughout the apostolic writings. The lowest level of priestly
minister was the deacon. The apostles ordained men to this office
originally to distribute food to the needy and to wait on tables (Acts
6:1-6). Yet Paul, the great and eloquent writer of about half of the New
Testament, describes himself as a mere deacon on several occasions (1
Cor 3:5, 4:1; 2 Cor 3:6, 6:4, 11:23; Eph 3:7; Col 1:23, 25).
If you're going to be consistent in claiming that
Peter had no special authority above that of a presbyter, you'll be
forced to conclude that Paul was only a deacon and therefore had no
authority over bishops, priests, or other deacons. But nobody would make
such a patently unbiblical assertion.
Paul, like Peter, presents himself in a humble,
unassuming way--"I am the least of the apostles, not fit to be called an
apostle, because I persecuted the church of God" (1 Cor 15:10), "To me
the very least of all the holy ones, this grace was given" (Eph
3:8)--but such humility does not indicate that Paul did not have
jurisdiction over others. After all, he said rather pointedly, "Although
I have the full right in Christ to order you to do what is proper, I
rather urge you out of love" (Phlm 8-9). Only people in authority can
issue orders.
Answered by: Catholic Answers Staff
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